Drugs · Brain health technique
SGLT2 Inhibitors
Evidence grade: Context Dependent

Oral medications that reduce blood glucose by promoting renal glucose excretion and improving vascular and metabolic health. Includes empagliflozin (Jardiance®), dapagliflozin (Farxiga®), and canagliflozin (Invokana®).
- Practice
- Drugs
- Principle
- Treatment
- Tactic
- Metabolic & Vascular Optimization Drugs
- Evidence grade
- Context Dependent
- Strength of evidence
- Medium
How to practice SGLT2 Inhibitors
Used for type 2 diabetes, heart failure, or kidney disease. Typical dosing: once-daily tablet. Monitor hydration, kidney function, and infection risk. Avoid in severe renal impairment or frequent dehydration. Combine with exercise and balanced diet for maximum benefit. Neuroprotective effects remain under investigation.
The evidence behind SGLT2 Inhibitors
Clinical trials show reduced risk of heart failure, kidney disease, and cardiovascular mortality in diabetes. Strong candidate for overall reduction in all-cause mortality. Early studies suggest improved cerebral perfusion and endothelial function, with potential for cognitive protection via better metabolic flexibility and ketone utilization. Evidence moderate; long-term neurocognitive data pending.
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