Drugs · Brain health technique

SGLT2 Inhibitors

Evidence grade: Context Dependent

Illustration for SGLT2 Inhibitors

Oral medications that reduce blood glucose by promoting renal glucose excretion and improving vascular and metabolic health. Includes empagliflozin (Jardiance®), dapagliflozin (Farxiga®), and canagliflozin (Invokana®).

Practice
Drugs
Principle
Treatment
Tactic
Metabolic & Vascular Optimization Drugs
Evidence grade
Context Dependent
Strength of evidence
Medium

How to practice SGLT2 Inhibitors

Used for type 2 diabetes, heart failure, or kidney disease. Typical dosing: once-daily tablet. Monitor hydration, kidney function, and infection risk. Avoid in severe renal impairment or frequent dehydration. Combine with exercise and balanced diet for maximum benefit. Neuroprotective effects remain under investigation.

The evidence behind SGLT2 Inhibitors

Clinical trials show reduced risk of heart failure, kidney disease, and cardiovascular mortality in diabetes. Strong candidate for overall reduction in all-cause mortality. Early studies suggest improved cerebral perfusion and endothelial function, with potential for cognitive protection via better metabolic flexibility and ketone utilization. Evidence moderate; long-term neurocognitive data pending.

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